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I. INTEGRATED SCIENCE(Interaction Environment and organism)II. COURSE PAPER CASE STUDY bacterium constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria keep a wide freewheel of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals. bacterium were among the first life forms to appear onEarth, and be present in most habitats on the planet, growing in soil, irrigate, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, and productive in the Earths crust, as well as in organic matter and the live bodies of plants and animals, providing outstanding examples of mutualism in the digestive tracts of humans, termites and cockroaches. On February 6, 2013, scientists reported that bacteria were found living in the rimed and dark in a lake buried a half-mile deep under the ice in Antarctica. There are typically 40 million bacterial kiosks in a gram of soil and a million bacterial cells in a millilitre of fresh water in all, there are approximately five noni llion (51030) bacteria on Earth, forming a biomass that exceeds that of all plants and animals.Bacteria are vital in cycle nutrients, with many steps in nutrient cycles depending on these organisms, such as the fixation of nitrogen from the atmosphere andputrefaction. In the biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, bacteria provide the nutrients needed to sustain life by converting change state compounds such as hydrogen sulphide and methane. Most bacteria have not been characterised, and only about half of the phyla of bacteria have species that tin be grown in the laboratory. The study of bacteria is k straight offn as bacteriology, a branch ofmicrobiology. Most bacteria secrete a applications programme for themselves which we call a cell wall, However, bacterial cell walls are a totally different thing than the cell walls we talk about plants having. bacterial cell walls do NOT contain cellulose like plant cell walls do. Bacterial cell walls are m ade mostly of a chemical called peptidogly mickle (made of polypeptides bonded to modified sugars), but the amount and location of the peptidoglycan are different in the two possible types of cell walls, depending on the species of bacterium.Some antibiotics, like penicillin, subordinate the formation of the chemical cross linkages needed to make peptidoglycan. These antibiotics dont outright kill the bacteria, but just stop them from being adequate to(p) to make much cell wall so they can grow. Thats why antibiotics must typically be taken for ten eld until the bacteria, unable to grow, die of old age. If a person bread taking the antibiotic sooner, any living bacteria could start reservation peptidoglycan, grow, and reproduce. Bacteria were the most prominent creatures in the early stages of lifes history almost 4000 million years until 600 million years ago. Fossils called stromatolites can still be found and were made by Cyanobacteria.III. SOURCE/REFERENCES* http//en.wiki pedia.org/wiki/Bacteria* http//biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio106/bacteria.htm* http//bacteriamuseum.org/cms/Bacteria/what-are-bacteria.html * http//www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/indexmag.html?http//www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/wimsmall/bacdr.html * http//www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/indexmag.html?http//www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/wimsmall/bacdr.htmlIV. CONTENTA. plan PRESENTATION OF THE CASEEndogenous endophthalmitis is a potentially blinding eyepiece infection resulting from hematogenous unfold from a remote primary source. The condition is relatively rare but may beat more common as the number of chronically debilitated patients and the use of invasive procedures increase. Many etiologic organisms (gram-positive, gram-negative and fungal) have been reported to cause endogenous endophthalmitis. Risk factors are well define and include most reasons for immune suppression. A in high spirits clinical suspicion is needed for early diagnosis and discourse. Early intravenous ant ibiotic therapy remains the cornerstone of treatment. The roles of intravitreal antibiotics and vitrectomy are evolving and may become more widely accepted as therapeutic modalities.The authors report a field of endogenous endophthalmitis and provide a brief review of the literature. Endogenous endophthalmitis is defined as an intraocular infection resulting from hematogenous bacterial spread. It is relatively rare, accounting for 2 to 8 percent of all cases of endophthalmitis, and is associated with immunocompromised states, debilitating diseases and invasive procedures.1 Because of the rapid take in of medical technology, a longer life span of patients with chronic diseases and a rising prevalence of long-term intravenous access, the disease may become more common in clinical practice. It is important that the family physician be aware of endogenous endophthalmitis because early diagnosis and prompt aggressive treatment are imperative if vision loss is to be avoided.B. POINT OF forecastBanana bacterial (Xanthomonas) wilt, first detected in Uganda in 2001, has since spread rapidly. Approximately one third of Ugandas banana growing earthly concern is now affected by the disease, which renders fruit inedible and ultimately kills the plant. The Ugandan government has been praised for its promptness in attempting to control the spread, but despite these efforts, and the promote success of control in some areas, the risk of further spread, two within and beyond Uganda, remains. Strengthening and refining the control effort is now clearly essential, but how should this be done, where are the research priorities, and what action should be taken by Ugandas neighbours? In July this year an expert citation of senior stakeholders from policy, research and disease control, was convened at the UKs Central information Laboratory near York. They offered New Agriculturist their points of view on the genuine status of the disease and the ways forward for control.